R3 Partners with Dubai Fintech Firm to Revolutionize the Sukuk Market

Enterprise software firm R3 recently entered into a strategic partnership with a Dubai-based fintech firm, Wethaq. The partnership aims to bring together a platform for issuing and trading Sukuk securities by utilizing R3 Corda’s blockchain.   

  

Wethaq’s platform will be building the next generation of financial market infrastructure for issuers, investors, central banks, and regulators to transact easily in Islamic capital markets. Sukuk, a type of financial certificate similar to a bond, complies with Islamic Sharia Law. Sukuk represents partial ownership in an asset, whereas a bond is a debt obligation.  

  

The issuance of Sukuk can be modified by the partnership, as it is heavily regulated and requires a substantial amount of time for issuance.   

  

R3 CEO David Rutter believes that R3 Corda could change the economy in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East. He mentioned:  

“Blockchain is driving an unprecedented period of innovation across capital markets, with more assets moving towards complete digitization. As such, there is no better time to seize the advantages of blockchain to transform global financial systems. Saudi Arabia and the wider Middle East region are areas where we see huge potential for Corda to modernize the economy, and our partnership with Wethaq is a step towards achieving that.”  

Wethaq CEO Mohammed Alsehli stated:  

“Our joint focus is on building world-class financial infrastructure in Saudi Arabia, in alignment with the Kingdom’s Vision 2030, and the UAE, pursuant to their ambitious fintech agenda, before we expand to the entire Middle East and Southeast Asia.”

Image via Shutterstock

Bitcoin Should Benefit from the US Dollar Crash, says Top Economist Stephen Roach

Stephen Roach, former Chairman of Morgan Stanley’s Asia division and Yale University senior fellow said that cryptocurrencies including Bitcoin should benefit from the US dollar’s 35% crash.

Economist Roach said that the US dollar could crash by 35 percent against foreign currencies, arising from bullish outlooks of the Chinese yuan and euro. China and the eurozone account for 40 percent of US trade, and the US dollar would not crash unless these two currencies see a significant rise. 

“The US economy has been afflicted with some significant macro imbalances for a long time, namely a very low domestic savings rate and a chronic current account deficit,” said Roach. “The dollar is going to fall very, very sharply.”

The Yale University senior fellow said that the problems are going from “bad to worse,” as the US is blowing out the fiscal deficit in the coming years.

Roach highlighted that cryptocurrencies and gold should benefit from dollar weakness. Although the markets are currently too small to absorb major movements in the foreign exchange markets. He said:

“…although cryptocurrencies and gold should benefit from dollar weakness, these markets are too small to absorb major adjustments in world foreign-exchange markets where daily turnover runs around $6.6 trillion.”

Roach believes America is turning away from globalization and is focused on decoupling itself from the rest of the world, and calls it a “lethal combination.” He warns investors that a crash is “virtually inevitable,” and that it could happen over the next few years. 

Bitcoin price and COVID-19 stimulus programs

Bitcoin price is currently hitting its lowest levels in around 3 weeks, as stocks are rumored to anticipate an incoming crash.

Bitcoin’s bearish trend has followed a tough week in the stock markets, as Beijing has announced its second consecutive day of record numbers of coronavirus cases, as the risk of a second wave of cases has approached. Worldwide coronavirus cases have reached 8 million at press time.

Federal governments around the world have implemented stimulus programs to combat the crisis, and the prospects of unlimited cash liquidity helped stocks, gold, Bitcoin, and bonds to recover. Bitcoin has surpassed stocks and other traditional assets by rising to around 150 percent in June 2020. 

Exclusive | FUSANG CEO: CCB’s $3 Billion in Blockchain-Based Debt Bonds is Rise of Crypto 2.0

FUSANG exchange CEO Henry Chong believes that China Construction Bank’s historic blockchain-based bond listing, which represents the first tranche of $3 billion in debt, marks the beginning of a transition into what he calls “Crypto 2.0”— or the institutionalization of digital asset products ranging from securities like shares and bonds to other assets like commodities and real estate. 

China Construction Bank (CCB) in partnership with FUSANG digital security exchange listed the first blockchain-based digital bond accessible to global investors yesterday—issuing the first portion of a planned $3 billion worth of tokenized debt.

According to the FUSANG exchange CEO, Crypto 2.0 is a new era of maturity towards digital assets. Chong said, “People have been creating a lot of these crypto-native assets that only exist on blockchains, for example, utility tokens and ICOs, but the question is always ‘how do you add a fundamental anchor to the value’ of these assets?” He continued, “Really companies can actually just issue real shares and bonds, and you can have them encapsulated in blockchains, and still have them do all the same things that people want them to do in blockchains like have utility value. There’s no reason why you cannot layer more than utility on top of equity which gives you a value anchor. You can get the best of both worlds.”

The FUSANG CEO said essentially in Crypto 2.0 any exchange of value can be tokenized and represented on a blockchain. In this case, $3 billion dollars of debt will be tokenized on the Ethereum blockchain by one of the Big Four banks of the People’s Republic of China and the second-largest bank in the world—China Construction Bank.

While the CCB’s plan with the new blockchain-based debt issuance is to raise up to $3 billion in total from investors, this first listed bond represents $58 million in debt and can be purchased in USD or BTC for as little as $100 a share.

The digital bond, Longbond SR Notes USD (LBFEB21), is to be provided by CCB Labuan Branch at a discount and will be listed on the FUSANG Exchange. The digital bonds pay an annualized interest of Libor plus 50 basis points.

Chong told Blockchain.News, that it was the advent of cryptocurrency and Bitcoin which laid the blueprint for using blockchain to tokenize value.

The FUSANG CEO said:

“Blockchain-based assets like Bitcoin were magnificent proof of concepts where they show that we could use this technology to represent assets, and that we could provide the blockchain that acts as a radically different record-keeping settlement.”

As Bitcoin was built to foster financial freedom and inclusion, Crypto 2.0 moves in the same direction—creating access for global investors. Leveraging blockchain the bonds are being used as tokenized certificates of deposit allowing the issuance of small-sum bonds which can be purchased by just about anyone. In traditional finance bonds of this nature are typically sold at higher minimums which means they are only viable for millionaire accredited investors or other banks to buy.

FUSANG’s CEO Chong asserts that the motivation for transforming traditional securities to digital ones lies in increasing their exposure to global retail investors, not just accredited and institutional investors. Mr. Chong stated, “What we’re bringing to the exchange is full transparency in the way that it’s not only a public IPO but that both retail and institutional investors can buy-in on a level playing field…global investors can now benefit from access to an investment previously reserved for only the largest institutions, together with low and transparent fees.”

Chong added:

“To me if anything that was the original promise of digital assets that by using this technology we get to dramatically open up the sphere of how people can get access to these types of services.”

The endorsement of China Construction Bank in leveraging blockchain to digitalize value, Chong believes could start a wave of similar institutional behavior that will have a revolutionary effect on our economy, and will greatly enhance investors and others’ ability to transfer value. Chong remarked, “you can use the technology to represent all kinds of assets. I think we are showing the digital asset world, and the financial world in general, that digital assets don’t need to be wild, volatile, and risky things.”

Bitcoin’s Bullish Rally Comes to an End as Bond Yields Surge and Risk Assets Experience Global Sell-Off

After hitting a high of $58,300 over the weekend, things have turned for the worse as Bitcoin (BTC) has plunged by more than 20% this week. This pullback is the worst weekly slip for the leading cryptocurrency since March 2020. 

Risk assets experiencing a global selloff

A strengthening dollar is not good news for Bitcoin because the two have an inverse relation, as shown by analysts. For instance, as BTC surged by more than 295% in late 2020, the US Dollar Index (DXY) slipped to a 32-month low. 

These sentiments are echoed by Vijay Ayyar, the head of Luno’s Asia Pacific region. He noted:

“The dollar is strengthening, which is a good indication to expect a slide in Bitcoin and crypto.”

Ayyar also pointed out that risk assets were taking a hit as they were experiencing a global sell-off. It is the reason why stocks and cryptocurrencies were sliding. He said:

“The rough patch for Bitcoin comes amid wider chaos in global markets, as a surge in bond yields heralds growing expectations that growth and inflation are moving higher and forcing traders to reevaluate their positions across multiple asset classes.”

The fight past $50,000 continues

Crypto trader Carl Martin recently disclosed that $50,000 might be the new resistance level, which the leading cryptocurrency has to fight, and this may take some time. The leading cryptocurrency is trading at $46,330 at the time of writing, according to CoinMarketCap.

This price plunge has made Bitcoin shed its value from its recent high of more than $1 trillion to $865 billion at press time. 

Historically, Bitcoin goes through multiple steep corrections in a bull run. Between 2016 to 2017, it experienced six of them. For instance, on Nov 13, 2017, BTC hit a low of $5,844 then hit $20,000 thirty-four days later. Time will tell how the current BTC correction will turn out.

Most People Will Hold Bitcoin Instead of Investing in Stocks, Bonds or Real Estate, says Market Analyst

After surging to highs of $61,781 over the weekend, Bitcoin (BTC) is experiencing a price correction as the top cryptocurrency is trading at $55,900 at the time of writing, according to CoinMarketCap.

Despite the current pullback, Pierre Rochard, a market analyst and Bitcoin advocate, believes that most people will be inclined towards holding BTC compared to investing in assets like stocks. He explained:

“In the future, most people will just hold Bitcoin instead of investing in stocks, bonds, or real estate. Normal people don’t want to spend time investing; they just want to hold money. Only those actually interested in investing will engage in it.”

His sentiments come at a time when Bitcoin has gained more than 1,200% since it plummeted to lows of $3,800 in March 2020 as the grappling effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) continued to wreak havoc. 

At the time, the leading cryptocurrency shed more than 50% of its value in 24 hours as the pandemic triggered shock waves globally. As a result, a flight to cash was witnessed, pushing risk assets like Bitcoin on the receiving end. 

Nevertheless, the narrative is different one year down the line because the top cryptocurrency has gone through the roof, making it the best-performing asset of the decade.

Long-term hodlers are accumulating more Bitcoin

According to crypto writer William Clemente III, long-term Bitcoin hodlers or holders are seeing the present pullback as the perfect opportunity to accumulate more BTC as new ones continue selling. He explained that people who have held Bitcoin for three years and more have continued to accumulate Bitcoin, while newer investors, who have only hodl-ed the digital asset for 6-12 months, “have sold into the recent rally.”

Jan &Yann, the co-founders of leading on-chain data provider Glassnode, have stipulated that they are still optimistic of at least one more leg up in the current bull run as strong BTC support has been formed around the $55k area, and this is confirmed by both on-chain and trading volume.

Time will tell how Bitcoin shapes up going forward as institutional interest continues rising. 

European Investment Bank to Harness Blockchain Technology for Bond Sale

The European Investment Bank (EIB) intends to deploy blockchain technology for the sale of bonds. The investment arm of the European Union (EU) seeks to streamline bond issuance using digital-ledger technology. 

Boosting innovations in debt capital markets

According to the announcement:

“The European Union’s investment arm hired Goldman Sachs Group Inc., Banco Santander SA and Societe Generale AG to explore a so-called digital bond in euros, which would be registered and settled using blockchain.”

The European Investment Bank has prompted various innovations in the region’s debt capital market. For instance, it set the ball rolling in the issuance of green and sustainability bonds. Global banks are continuously testing the power of blockchain in bond issuance. 

For example, Thailand’s Central Bank launched a blockchain-powered platform meant for government bond savings issuance in September 2020. It was to improve investor’s buying experience, enhance operational efficiency, and reduce the overall cost of operations.

Later on, in December, the UnionBank of the Philippines and Standard Chartered (StanChart) created a proof of concept required in the issuance of a blockchain-powered retail bond. The tokenized retail bond worth $187 million (9 billion pesos) was mirrored on the blockchain platform and involved a three and 5.25-year dual issuance.

The issuance of a digital euro

As the EIB continues with its plans to roll out a blockchain-enabled bond, European Central Bank (ECB) President Christine Lagarde recently said that a decision on whether or not to launch a central bank digital currency (CBDC) will be made by the middle of this year.

Nevertheless, she pointed out that after deciding whether or not to go forward with a digital Euro issuance, the actual development of the central bank digital currency (CBDC) will take at least another four years.

Europe, therefore, seeks to be a significant player in the blockchain/crypto space. 

El Salvador to Build the World's First Bitcoin City, Funded by Bitcoin Bonds

In yet another move to showcase its love for Bitcoin, El Salvador’s President, Nayib Bukele, has unveiled the country’s plans to build the first fully functional Bitcoin city. This project is billed to be funded by a Bitcoin-backed, government-issued bond. 

A City Where Everything Works

Speaking at the Bitcoin Week Conference, President Bukele revealed the details of the plans for building up the Bitcoin City that the country targets to boost the awareness of Bitcoin of the citizens and enjoin adoption. Bukele conceived Bitcoin City as a perfect one where everything works.

“In #BitcoinCity we will have digital and technological education. Geothermal energy for the entire city and efficient and sustainable public transport,” he said in a statement.

The major forms of taxes being paid in the country, including income tax, capital gains tax, and property tax, will not be collected from residents of the city who transact using Bitcoin or any digital asset. According to the President, only Value Added Tax will be levied, and 50% of this will be used in paying the municipality’s bonds.

The estimated amount to be pulled from the bonds is $1 billion and will be hosted on the Bitfinex Securities Platform. The duo of Bitfinex and Blockstream will support the El Salvador Bitcoin City project. With these firms and the grand forecast for the project, industries are expected to proliferate in El Salvador in the coming years.

“[The platform] will soon be home to many local and foreign digital assets offerings developing new digital asset regulation for the country! El Salvador, Bitfinex, and Blockstream are making history together,” said Bitfinex CTO Bitfinex Paolo Ardoino.

Blockstream’s chief security officer Samson Mao said at the conference that the chances of sourcing $1 billion from Bitfinex’s ecosystem of investors are very high. Mao also pointed out that the first half of the bond, worth $500 million, will be subjected to a 5-year lock-up period and will significantly impact the growth in the price of BTC.

El Salvador is Trailing the Blaze

Since legalizing Bitcoin as an official legal tender in September, El Salvador has set a very good example of how BTC can be used for the greater good. While the process leading up to the launch of the coin in the country was met with some resistance, according to polls. President Nayib Bukele’s government has pressed on building the first Bitcoin schools from the proceeds earned by HODLing, the premier digital currency.

While many countries are tagged to be planning a similar embrace, El Salvador’s milestones will be the standard to emulate for countries looking to trail a similar path.

A Rising Rate Environment will Tilt from Bonds to Crypto, Says Fundstrat Founder

Speaking on CNBC’s Crypto World Monday, Thomas (Tom) Lee, the founder of equity research firm Fundstrat Global Advisors, opined that with interest rates being on a reversal after experiencing a 30-year decline. 

This is a game-changer for crypto because other investments like bonds will become less attractive. Lee noted:

“That means for the next 10 years, you’re guaranteed to lose money owning bonds… that’s almost $60 trillion of the $142 trillion [of U.S. household net worth].”

He suggested that the $60 trillion would find its way into the crypto sector to earn yield. 

“The obvious thing is it rotates into stocks like FAANG, but I think what is more likely is a lot of speculative capital from equities… it’s really going to be tracing its roots to a rotation out of bonds and it’s going to eventually flow into crypto.”

The market predicts the United States for the upcoming rising interest rate hike, while the latest Consumer Price Index (CPI) stands at 7.5% year-over-year. 

Lee, however, acknowledged that an open mind is of the essence in the crypto market based on the volatility experienced. He stated:

“Unless someone really has a crystal ball, it’s very difficult to be precise in crypto. Drawdowns of 40% are really common and bitcoin makes most of its gains in 10 days in any single year. It’s tough to be too precise with crypto. It’s wide lanes.”

Crypto has emerged as an alternative asset class, having experienced significant diversification beyond trademark cryptocurrencies, like Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH), in the last two years.

Some of the new members become active in the cryptocurrency family, such as block decentralized finance (DeFi), stablecoins, and non-fungible tokens (NFTs). Nevertheless, these new assets have to stand the test of time so that investors can gain confidence in them as they have in Ethereum and Bitcoin.

A recent study by blockchain firm Paxos noted that consumers were changing their minds because they were treating crypto as ideal investment vehicles. 

El Salvador's Crypto Law Allows Bitcoin-Backed Bonds

El Salvador has recently passed historic legislation that will provide the legal basis for a Bitcoin-backed bond to be issued in the country. This bond, also known as the “Volcano Bond,” will be put toward the reduction of the country’s overall debt as well as the funding of the construction of the “Bitcoin City” that is envisioned for El Salvador.

On January 11, 62 individuals cast their ballots in support of the measure, while 16 individuals cast their ballots against it. When President Bukele gives the bill his stamp of approval, it will be well on its way to being enacted as a statute.

As stated by the cryptocurrency exchange Bitfinex, which is the technology provider for the bonds, the Volcano Bond, which is also known as Volcano Tokens, would make it possible for El Salvador to raise capital to pay down its sovereign debt, fund construction of the Bitcoin City, and create Bitcoin mining infrastructure. All of these goals could be accomplished with the proceeds from the sale of the bonds.

The bonds were given the volcanic description because of the location of the country’s Bitcoin City, which is planned to become a self-sustaining crypto-mining center that will be fueled by hydrothermal energy obtained from the nearby Conchagua volcano. As a direct result of this, the bonds were presented in the form of an active volcano.

According to Bitfinex, the city would function as a special economic zone, analogous to those that can be found in China. Such a zone would offer residents of the city tax breaks, rules that are friendly to cryptocurrencies, and other incentives to encourage them to engage in Bitcoin-related business.

It is anticipated that the issuance of these bonds will bring in one billion dollars for the country, of which half a billion dollars will be allocated to the building of the special economic zone. The first hypothesis suggested that the maturity date of the tokenized bonds would be in ten years, that they would be denominated in U.S. dollars, and that they would bear an annual interest rate of 6.5%.

In addition, the measure creates a legal framework for all digital assets that are not Bitcoin, in addition to those that are issued on Bitcoin, and it also establishes a new regulatory body that will be responsible for administering securities legislation and providing protection from malicious actors.

Tether Holdings Hires Major Wall Street Firm to Manage Treasury Portfolio

According to a story published on February 10 by The Wall Street Journal, stablecoin issuer Tether Holdings has contracted the services of a prominent Wall Street business in order to manage its portfolio of Treasury securities.

The Wall Street Journal cited unnamed persons familiar with the situation in reporting that the financial services business Cantor Fitzgerald is assisting Tether in managing a bond portfolio consisting of United States Treasury securities that is valued at $39 billion. According to the study, there are certain companies on Wall Street who are eager to help cryptocurrency service providers despite the continuous regulatory worries that are impacting the business.

Cantor Fitzgerald is an investment banking firm that was established in 1945 and specializes in providing services such as institutional equity and fixed-income sales. It is said that the corporation employs more than 12,000 workers. Cantor Fitzgerald’s precise role with the stablecoin issuer was not detailed in the material that appeared in the Journal. The only mention of Cantor Fitzgerald’s participation was that it “managed” a piece of Tether’s portfolio.

Tether has become the most significant participant in the digital assets sector, and the company is actively engaging with high-quality counterparties and investigating new business prospects on a regular basis.

As of the 31st of December, Tether’s total assets amounted to $67 billion, which was more than its consolidated liabilities, which were $66 billion, and provided the corporation with surplus reserves of at least $960 million. According to an independent attestation provided by BDO, the corporation’s net earnings for the fourth quarter came in at $70 million million dollars.

While Tether has made efforts to dispel rumors about its solvency and accounting standards, the company has been called out repeatedly by major publications for not being transparent about the assets that back its USDT (USDT) reserves. Tether has responded to these criticisms by saying that it will continue to work toward this goal. In the year 2022, the focus of the criticism switched from the question of whether or not Tether’s USDT is completely supported to the question of the makeup of the assets that support the stablecoin. In response to increased public scrutiny about its portfolio, namely its purported excessive exposure to Chinese commercial paper, Tether had, by the month of October, unwound its exposure to commercial paper and switched to investing in Treasury bills instead.

According to CoinMarketCap, the USDT token issued by Tether continues to be the most valuable stable currency with a market valuation of about $68.2 billion.

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