Road to a US CBDC? Ex-CFTC Chairman Released Written Remarks on Digital Dollar in Davos 2020

J. Christopher Giancarlo, the ex-chairman of the U.S. Commodity and Futures Trading Commission will touch upon his Digital Dollar Initiative and state the advantages of a United States’ Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) at the World Economic Forum in Davos.

In the past, the creators of the initiative broadcasted details about the project in two separate Wall Street Journal articles, although none of them have openly highlighted details about a CBDC. In contrast to other cryptocurrencies or stablecoins, the purpose of the CBDC is its digitalization of fiat money issued and approved by the state. Certain areas within the U.S. Government have already explored the increasing potential that the launch of a CBDC could bring. 

Recent comments by Giancarlo, expressly state that the Digital Dollar Initiative will provide for a framework that will enable practical ways to begin a dollar CBDC. “The Project will ultimately seek to identify options for a CBDC solution that enhances monetary policy effectiveness and financial stability.”, he added.

Despite skepticism from several central banks internationally, Giancarlo elaborated that the implied effect of these digital currencies on the national bank’s financial system and the domestic economy are under uncertainty. Moreover, there are other concerns such as privacy, security, fraud, and money-laundering. Nevertheless, Giancarlo counters that “The adoption of a digital dollar in the U.S. is seen as critical to a possible orderly recalibration of the dollar’s attractiveness relative to other digital currencies to support stable international monetary conditions.”

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World Economic Forum Launches Global Consortium for Digital Currencies Governance

According to a Cointelegraph report, the World Economic Forum (WEF) has unveiled what is considered to be the first-ever global consortium designed to create a framework for international governance of cryptocurrencies. The launch of the consortium took place in Davos, Switzerland.

Digital currencies are frequently cited as an instrument for financial inclusion. However, this opportunity can only be achieved when paired with good governance.

Enabling international regulatory framework

The rise of digital currencies in various forms such as central bank-issued alternatives, Bitcoin, Facebook’s Libra, and others, has left the international community scrambling to develop a suitable, integrated regulatory system. 

The inspiration behind the establishment of the global consortium is the recognition that well-designed international governance remains a key to having cryptocurrencies realize their promise of fostering financial inclusion by bringing financial services to un- and underbanked populations globally.

This is the first initiative to bring together government representatives, financial institutions, leading companies, academics, technical experts, NGOs, international organizations, and members of the WEF’s communities on a global level.

A multi-stakeholder, international approach with the private and public sectors working together with civil society is required to address the challenge ahead.

The consortium aims to look at ways to tackle a fragmented regulatory system, focusing on inclusive, interoperable, and transparent approaches to policy to regulate the cryptocurrency industry and facilitate work between the private and public worlds in developed and emerging economies.

The consortium will call for innovative regulatory approaches to build trust and achieve these goals. The partners will collaborate to design a set of guiding principles to support private and public actors working to realize the potential of digital currencies.

Making sense of the consortium initiative

Several high-profile leaders endorsed the initiative, including Klaus Schwab, executive chairman and founder of the World Economic Forum, Mark Carney, governor of Bank of England, Tharman Shanmugaratnam, chairman and senior minister of the Monetary Authority of Singapore, and other high-profile figures.

David Marcus, head of Facebook’s Libra, said, “We welcome the dialogue that the World Economic Forum is facilitating about digital currencies.  We agree that a good reputation is vital for the safe and success adoption of digital currency platforms, and we desire to continue engaging in this constructive conversation.”

Neha Narula, director of the Digital Currency Initiative at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) mentioned, “Digital currencies are a great opportunity to make the financial system fairer and more accessible. Developing an integrated, inclusive international digital currency system needs dialogue across various stakeholders ranging from open source developers to finance ministers. The World Economic Forum is the best place to enable this vital conversation.”

Crypto at Davos 2020

Influential leaders from around the world recently met in Davos, Switzerland for the World Economic Forum’s Annual Meeting 2020. The meeting centered around the theme “Stakeholders for a Sustainable and Cohesive World.” Many issues, therefore, were discussed among them, including the role of digital currencies in global finance.

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10 Things You Might Not Know About Davos

Now in its 50th year, the World Economic Forum (WEF) summit was first launched by German economist Klaus Schwab. The conference is aimed at working with both private and public bodies with the objective of impacting the global agenda on finances, economics and more recently climate change. It is held at the end of January in Davos, a mountain resort in the eastern Alps in Switzerland. The meeting is by invitation only and brings together some 3000 business leaders, international political leaders, economists, celebrities and journalists for 5 days. 

However, there are also many fringe events happening in and around this tiny town which attracts a further 40,000 plus people keen to meet, talk about key issues and do business.

I attended the Davos Summit on the fringe. It was an eye-opener but not in the way people might imagine. I attended as a freelance journalist.

The main promenade of Davos is converted into an exhibition space. The promenade itself is relatively short but every shop face gets a makeover so instead of retail outlets the main companies appear to have their headquarters on the main street. False facades and often total re-dos inside would make you think you were inside a major conference rather than on a main street in an Alpine town.
The traffic is legendary.  There is one main street and everyone wants to get up or down it. Lots of Swiss traffic police are stationed at every corner with their distinctive lighted red cones – like stunted light sabers – directing everyone this way and that, mostly at a snail’s pace. Get in early or get stuff in traffic.
No one stays in Davos unless you are one of the exclusive 3000 invited guests. Everyone else scrambles to find accommodation in surrounding towns and resorts. Some people commute in from Zurich every day on the train which is a two-hour journey. We stayed in a very pretty Alpine lodge some 90 minutes out of town. And when I say out of town I mean up the mountain. Our group lead had hired a minivan with drivers. Our Davos bus left each morning down the mountain into town on terrifying roads in a route that bonded us all when we survived each journey.  In our resort our views were spectacular and we overlooked a quiet ski lift. While we were there for the conference, other guests were there skiing, and we’d look at them enviously as they sailed off each morning.
Actually, amend that last point. Many people do go skiing while at Davos. The only shops that resist corporate refurbishment are ski and boot hire shops. Amongst all the traffic and the cars are many skiers heading out for the day.
Boots – wear boots. The pavements are covered in snow. It is freezing – down to minus 15C at night – and it is a hilly town. There are stories every year of falls and broken bones. In fact, I would go one further: invest in crampons. These are like slippers that go over your shoes and provide some traction in the snowy sidewalks. Most people wear boots inside events too unless you are uber-organized and carry your loofahs/heels in a bag. A word of caution: crampons are super on the sidewalk but inside on tiles they are the very devil. Either take them off or walk very slowly. Some restaurants have signs saying no spikes allowed.
The very best marketing prize goes this year to Zurich. They set up their corporate headquarters in Davos giving out brightly colored blue woolly hats. Our first morning walking the promenade saw lots of people wearing them. I had huge hat lust and was contemplating grabbing one off a passer-by. The advice given to me was to only grab a hat off someone that I could beat in a fight or outrun. Before such extreme measures were implemented, we spotted the source of the free hats and got our own with no one injured in the process.
Security. Given the number of important officials, politicians, and celebrities around, the security is very tight. Lots of armed police and checkpoints in and out of the town. You have to carry your passport with you at all times. Then there is the issue of gaining security passes to go into the main hotels. Let me just say it is very complex and quite expensive. Ask me again if you want to know how to do it but for first-timers it is another thing to drive you crazy.
Official news. Most of the hoi polloi do not get anywhere near the headline guests. It is better to watch the news each night to catch up on the events and speeches. Having said that, one night while we were waiting outside a hotel for our Group Van to bring us home, former UK prime minister, Tony Blair walked within one foot of me as he gained his official car.
The main summit has many events but the fringe summit has zillions.  Trying to keep track of all the talks, panels and networking events is tiring. Join a few WhatsApp groups of seasoned pros who have been there before to get an idea of what is on and where these events take place. Many are held in nooks and crannies as every available piece of real estate in Davos is rented out, leased or hired by incoming companies and organizations.
The final thing I learned is that to really get the best out of Davos 2021 you need to start planning now. It is not meant for the casual observer. Don’t say I didn’t warn you.

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The World Economic Forum Highlighted Blockchain and Digitization to Address COVID-19 Supply Chain Disruption

The World Economic Forum (WEF) published a report on the importance of blockchain in supply chain disruption amid the coronavirus pandemic. Although the report suggested that blockchain may not be able to support the damage caused by the impact of COVID-19 directly, it may help with supply chain visibility.

China had ordered the lockdown of many cities, especially cities close to the epicenter of the outbreak, Wuhan. The Chinese government’s decision to order the lockdown was a vast experiment, with huge costs to its citizens and the economy. It has since marked as one of the largest-scale of quarantine in the modern world. This also had an effect on the supply chain disruptions due to the pandemic.

COVID-19 has also led to lockdowns in other countries, resulting in over 3 billion people around the world are under some kind of lockdown. Suppliers in the chain have also temporarily ceased production, and many logistic providers can no longer transport goods across borders. No doubt, China plays a central role in global supply chains; there have been automobile companies suspending productions due to parts not being delivered from China since February. 

The road to digitization

As trade has been heavily reliant on paper-based processes, companies have not yet been looking to digitize their supply chain processes as there has been no suggestion as to digitization bringing cost and time efficiencies to justify the change.

However, COVID-19 has triggered protective measures in operations that depend on physical assets and physical presence. Digitization will be able to bring visibility, efficiencies in managing supply chain risk, and limit the impacts of points of failure in the value chain. The WEF suggested that governments and businesses with strong digital infrastructure and digital regulations including e-signatures and e-transactions laws are dealing with supply chain disruptions better in the current COVID-19 pandemic.

Supply chains are going through a massive shock

Global trade and supply chains going through a massive shock from both the demand and supply side. The WEF further suggested that as the COVID-19 situation changes daily, it is crucial for all parties to have visibility into the supply chain, to share data and communicate effectively. The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the lack of preparedness for this sort of crisis. 

World Economic Forum Launches New Blockchain Toolkit for Supply Chains to Support the World Through Post-COVID Economic Recovery

The World Economic Forum (WEF) has just released its Blockchain Deployment Toolkit, aiming to enable companies of any size to be able to maximize the benefits of integrating blockchain technology in the supply chain sector. The toolkit allows companies to be able to get a better idea of how to handle deploying blockchain technology in regards to supply chain uses.

The coronavirus pandemic highlighted the need for more reliable and visible supply chains, as well as creating resilience as COVID-19 has greatly disrupted the movement of medical equipment across the world. As many lockdowns have been put in place to flatten the rate of infections, supply chains have been disrupted. The current pandemic also emphasizes the need for the improvement of integrity and provenance of medical equipment and products, livestock, food, and other goods.

Blockchain in supply chain

The WEF published a report suggesting that although blockchain may not be able to support the damage caused by the emergence of COVID-19, it may help with supply chain visibility in the future. A Chinese government-backed blockchain firm, Tus Data Asset, has been blacklisted in the nation due to its business of selling poor-quality medical products, which has “tainted the nation’s image.”

“Supply chain was chosen by the WEF as an area of focus due to the fact that it was one of the largest areas of exploration,” Nadia Hewett, Blockchain and Digital Currency Project Lead at the World Economic Forum USA, exclusively told Blockchain.News. She also suggested that with the use of blockchain technology, purchasers in the supply chains could mitigate the risks of receiving faulty medical equipment from suppliers, which has seen an uptick during the lack of equipment stock globally.

What is the WEF blockchain deployment toolkit?

The release of the Blockchain Deployment Toolkit was accelerated due to the coronavirus pandemic. “We believe that it has a number of features that have a lot of potential to help with supply chain transparency, and supply chain resiliency,” said Hewett. “In the short term, there are blockchain solutions today being used in the short term for COVID-19 mitigation, but it’s really the long term part that relates to supply chains.”

The toolkit has been launched today, after more than a year of testing and exploring through use cases across industries. “The blockchain deployment toolkit is essential for designing solutions that work for a multitude of actors, including smaller players who may not have access to the resources required to unlock the value of blockchain technology,” said Hewett, in a press release shared with Blockchain.News. 

Working with over 100 organizations including governments, companies, startups, international organizations, and other partners, the WEF has been focusing on piloting the toolkit and drawing global expertise. 

Economic recovery: Comply, Connect, Create – Corona?

The toolkit is based on 14 modules, based on the themes of comply, connect, and create. “The 14 modules covers some of the most important topics for well thought out blockchain deployment. If you want to design and deploy a blockchain solution, these modules are critical to getting it right,” Hewett added. “The toolkit was sort of seen as a way to shape the deployment of blockchain in a more responsible, inclusive, and interoperable way.”

“We want to make sure we accelerated the toolkit so that it is available as companies now are planning out, you know, sort of that those COVID-19 systems, you know, and especially with economic recovery, many countries, we believe that they will also rely on digitization, right to help with economic recovery,” explained Hewett. “You could think that as great as reducing because of all the geopolitical issues, that companies will look at digitization of trade as a way to reduce trade barriers. So all of those things, show that blockchain has an opportunity to improve long term global pandemic preparedness and economic recovery.”

The blockchain toolkit developed by the WEF is currently only focusing on supply chain, however, Hewett told Blockchain.News that other sectors including finance and insurance could also be a possible area of focus in the future. 

IBM’s take on blockchain and supply chain amid the pandemic

IBM’s Rapid Supplier Connect leverages the existing IBM’s blockchain platform, Trust Your Supplier, which is a blockchain-based trusted digital identity and supplier information that simplifies the supplier onboarding and supplier management processes while reducing risks. IBM is allowing qualifying suppliers to use Rapid Supplier Connect free of charge until August 31.

New York’s largest nonprofit healthcare group, Northwell Health recently joined IBM’s Rapid Supplier Connect Network, a blockchain project that aims to tackle the disrupted healthcare supply chains caused by the coronavirus pandemic.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has also chosen to use IBM’s Hyperledger Fabric blockchain for its MiPasa platform to share data to tackle the coronavirus pandemic.

World Economic Forum Warns Leaders to Brace for Long-Lasting Global Recession as Cybercrimes Surge

The World Economic Forum (WEF) suggested that leaders around the world need to do more to ensure a quicker and more sustainable recovery for the global economy caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. 

Amongst the 350 top risk professionals in the world surveyed, these risk managers expect a prolonged global recession, as a number of areas of concern were identified in the report compiled by the Forum’s Global Risks Advisory Board, Marsh & McLennan Companies Inc, and Zurich Insurance Group.

Half of the respondents expressed expected bankruptcies and industry consolidation, and failure of industries to recover, and a disruption of supply chains. The World Economic Forum published a report on the importance of blockchain in supply chain disruption amid the pandemic. 

Saadia Zahidi, Managing Director of the World Economic Forum said, “The crisis has devastated lives and livelihoods. It has triggered an economic crisis with far-reaching implications and revealed the inadequacies of the past.”

With the onset of the new infectious disease, cybercrimes and the breakdown of IT infrastructure and networks have taken a swerve for the worst. The Forum concluded that around 500 million people would be at risk of falling into poverty, an anticipated fall of 13 to 32 percent in global trade, and a 1 percent of increase in unemployment, which could result in a 2 percent increase in chronic illness.

Levels of unemployment continue to grow, especially in the younger cohort, a lack of progress in reducing carbon emissions are also possible side effects of the pandemic as well. The US federal authorities found that a group of international fraudsters may have been attacking the US unemployment systems, funneling millions of dollars in payments that were intended to support those who were affected economically by COVID-19.

The Forum’s take on blockchain and digitization to address supply chain disruption

The World Economic Forum recently published a new blockchain deployment toolkit aimed to help governments, major institutions, and companies of any size to be able to maximize the benefits of integrating blockchain technology in the supply chain sector. The Forum also highlighted the importance of blockchain for addressing the disruption of supply chain caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The toolkit was tested by businesses for a period of time, to make sure it is user-friendly and can have an impact on companies in the future. Nadia Hewett, Blockchain Lead at the World Economic Forum said, “Not only are we now providing the toolkit and all the lessons in subsequent COVID blockchain activities to our partners, governments and private sector; while we developed the toolkit and other ongoing projects, we brought in partners to help co-create and design it with a user-centric approach in mind.”

The World Economic Forum believes with the accelerated release of the blockchain deployment toolkit will also help with the economic recovery post-pandemic. Hewett says that many countries will rely on digitization for its economic recovery, as digitization for trade could act as a way to reduce trade barriers, given all the geopolitical issues.

Feds suspect fraudsters attacked US unemployment systems costing millions

With the number of infections in the US growing at an appalling rate, so far, 1.5 million American citizens have been infected, with over 90,000 related deaths. The unemployment crisis in the country has surpassed the rate since the Great Depression, as the official US unemployment rate is at its highest in recorded history, at an alarming 14.7 percent.

The New York Times obtained a memo from the US Secret Service, indicating that the fraud scheme was coming from a “well-organized Nigerian fraud ring,” and could result in the loss of hundreds of millions of dollars in the American financial system.

These fraudsters may have leveraged detailed information about US citizens, including social security numbers, which have been obtained from previous cyber attacks. The attackers have also filed claims on behalf of people who have not been laid off, according to officials.

Risks of UK supply chains ahead of Brexit

Ahead of Brexit, the British are facing issues in disrupted supply chains due to the coronavirus pandemic. With just seven months to go before Brexit takes place, 82 percent of small to medium-sized manufacturers say that the COVID-19 pandemic has affected their supply chains. 

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World Economic Forum Recognized Six Blockchain Companies as “Technology Pioneers” in 2020, Including MakerDAO and Chainlink

The World Economic Forum (WEF) has honored six blockchain companies on its list of 100 “early to growth-stage” firms Technology Pioneers for 2020, including MakerDAO and Chainlink.

The other blockchain and crypto firms that were recognized as pioneering new technologies and innovations in 2020 include Lightning Labs, Elliptic, Ripio, and Veridium Labs. 

These blockchain companies were chosen along with the 94 other companies around the world for their contributions to the use of “artificial intelligence to diagnose cancers and quantum computing systems to carbon capture and removing technologies.”

According to the Forum, Technology Pioneers are an integral part of the organization’s Global Innovators community, an invitation-only group of the world’s most promising startups in the tech industry. The World Economic Forum noted:

“Technology Pioneers begin a two-year journey where they are part of the World Economic Forum’s initiatives, activities, and events, bringing their cutting-edge insight and fresh thinking to critical global discussions.”

The MakerDAO project took off in December 2017, with DAI as a US dollar stablecoin and MKR functioning as the governance token. MakerDAO has become the most popular application running on Ethereum and the project has reached its all-time high market cap of $97 million in July 2019.

Blockchain.News previously interviewed Gustav Arentoft, Business Development and Dai Speaker at MakerDAO, who offered his insights into the success of his organizations in transparency and governance. 

Sergey Nazarov, co-founder of Chainlink, one of the companies selected by the Forum said:

“Using smart contracts on the blockchain to bring enforceable guarantees to contractual obligations has widespread social and economic benefits. We’re proud to play a role in bringing accountability and automation to global and local economies, and we look forward to contributing to Forum dialogues on this challenge.”

As far as blockchain companies go, Ripple has been named as the World Economic Forum’s Technology Pioneer in 2015, while Blockchain.com has been named in 2016, for its role in empowering millions around the world to authenticate and conduct transactions globally. 

World Economic Forum Releases GSMI Global Blockchain Standards

The World Economic Forum (WEF) has released blockchain standards dubbed the Global Standards Mapping Initiative (GSMI) gathered from 185 jurisdictions, 30 technical standard-setting entities, and almost 400 industry groups. The comprehensive reports are aimed at being a resource to thrust the blockchain sector forward.

Mapping the blockchain arena

In collaboration with the Global Blockchain Business Council (GBBC), the WEF has publicized the reports based on the current digital asset and blockchain space across three fields: technical standards; legislation and guidance by sovereign and international bodies; and industry best practices and standards.

The blockchain standards highlight the way organizations have laid emphasis on certain sections but neglected others. As a result, an overlap has emerged in some blockchain industry areas, leading to a standardization void. One of the reasons for the emergence of this problem is the absence of dynamic guidance pertaining to the usage of this technology.

The reports offer action-oriented guidance like the interactive world map of blockchain legislation and guidance to private and public sector stakeholders. Nevertheless, organizations have been challenged to adopt proactive strategies to optimize the application of blockchain technology.

Underpinning blockchain technology

David Treat, GBBC board chair, believes that blockchain technology is advancing rapidly, but the progress is being slowed down by policy, framework, and standard complexities. He noted:

“The next wave of innovation will be driven by collaborative ecosystems, underpinned by blockchain and multiparty systems. The technology is advancing quickly, but the complexities of the standards, frameworks, and policies necessary to align to best practices have risked slowing progress to broad-based adoption.”

Strong synergies are required to enable blockchain to reach mass adoption. The GSMI acknowledges that global standards are needed in the digital asset sector to unlock the true value behind this space. Nevertheless, different administrations are heeding to this call following the US Department of Justice’s recently released a cryptocurrency enforcement framework, which offers a comprehensive overview of the enforcement challenges and emerging threats in the crypto space.

World Economic Forum Views Cryptocurrency as Pivotal Tool for Financial Inclusion

The World Economic Forum (WEF) trusts that cryptocurrencies can be pivotal in offering financial services to one-third of the world’s adults, approximately 2 billion people, who are unbanked as acknowledged by the World Bank. The unbanked usually lack wealth-building tools and services, and this jeopardizes their plan for the future.

Cryptocurrencies are revamping the financial world

The unbanked problem is not only prevalent in developing countries but also in developed ones. The WEF noted:

“The Federal Reserve found that 22% of adults in the United States are either unbanked or underbanked. That’s roughly 63 million Americans who either have no bank account at all or rely on “alternative financial service products” such as money orders, check cashing services, or payday loans to fulfil their financial needs.”

The engine behind cryptocurrencies is blockchain technology, which enables participants to confirm transactions in the absence of a central authority. The WEF believes that this attribute will be instrumental in democratizing the traditional financial system and prompt more inclusion. 

For instance, nearly one-third of Nigerians own some form of cryptocurrency, which enables them to buy or sell goods and remit funds across borders to family and friends. 

Cryptocurrencies aid in safeguarding people’s assets

Stablecoins, which are cryptocurrencies pegged to traditional assets like the US dollar, are instrumental in safeguarding people’s assets. The WEF added that cryptocurrencies render wealth-building tools and services like tokenization of stocks, such as Tesla, Amazon, and Apple. 

Per the announcement:

“Because they’re tokenized, users can start investing in tokenized stocks with as little as $5. This is possible because they can buy fractional portions of a token, which inherently represents fractional portions of a share of stock.”

Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum coupled with mobile services, such as Kenya’s M-Pesa mobile payment system facilitate savings and payments. Recently, 10T holdings co-founder Dan Tapiero acknowledged that Bitcoin was uplifting Generation Z’s saving culture. 

WEF Launches Coalition to Deal with Climate Change through Web3.0

The World Economic Forum (WEF) has established a Crypto Sustainability Coalition to investigate the capability of Web3 in tackling climate change.

In a statement, the WEF noted that blockchain tools would propel transparency in the worldwide carbon credits market, whereas crypto mining would trigger renewable microgrids through off-peak demand and decentralization.

Since the adoption of technologies like non-fungible tokens (NFTs), blockchains, and cryptocurrencies in Web 3.0, members of the coalition will find out how they can boost social and environmental agendas.

The coalition also seeks regulatory clarity that enhances Web3 innovation, propels financial inclusion, and protects consumers.

Brynly Llyr, World Economic Forum’s head of blockchain and digital assets, noted:

“I am excited about the work we are expecting from the Crypto Sustainability Coalition. An important and unique aspect of web3 is that it uses technology to support and reward direct community engagement and action.”

Llyr added:

“This means we can coordinate the work of many individuals directly with one another, enabling collective action without centralized control – a powerful accelerator for grass roots action.”

The Crypto Sustainability Coalition consist of 30 partners hosted by the WEF as a public-private initiative. Its primary areas of concern include Web3’s potential for climate action, energy usage, and “on-chain” carbon credits. 

Some partners include Solana, Circle, NEAR Foundation, PlanetWatch, University of Lisbon, eToro, Crypto Council for Innovation, and Sustainable Bitcoin Standard. 

Moreover, the coalition will come up with best practices and tangible action on how Web3 technologies can positively impact communities most affected by climate change. The report noted:

“The coalition’s wider aim is to foster a broad education campaign on what Web3’s potential and capacity look like, to better inform governments on how they regulate these technologies and incentivize investment and research into their development.”

Meanwhile, a report by Chainlink Labs and Tecnalia noted that blockchain technology could help fight the climate crisis through smart contracts, Blockchain.News reported. 

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