Venezuela’s Central Bank Considers the Potential of Bitcoin and Ethereum

Anonymous sources have offered direct insights into the Venezuelan’s Central Bank’s consideration of adopting Bitcoin (BTC) and Ether (ETH) payment systems.

According to an article by Bloomberg, the central bank of Venezuela is open to potentially storing cryptocurrencies. At the heart of the issue is the difficulty experienced in receiving payments from international clients to state-run and oil gas company: Petroleos de Venezuela S.A. (PSDV). Adding to the transactional difficulties are the US imposed sanctions against Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro’s current regime.

Several other sources have also said that PSDV will implement transfers of Bitcoin and Ethereum to the Venezuelan central bank and then have the central institution repay suppliers in these cryptocurrencies.  

For the Venezuelan economy, tackling isolation from the global financial systems remains the biggest issue. As a result, Venezuela’s Central Bank is running internal tests to determine whether it can hold cryptocurrencies in its coffers that would equal the country’s international reserves, which are valued at a 30-year low of $7.9 billion.

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Possible Impacts of Bitcoin Futures on the World Economy in the Next 10 Years

Although the Bitcoin futures market has been around since 2017, public interest only spiked last month when Intercontinental Exchange’s Bakkt was launched. However, there are still some individuals who do not clearly understand what it is. 

The definition of “futures,” also known as futures contract – is an agreement to sell or buy an asset at a set price, on a set date in the future. It is used to curtail risk involved with volatile assets. 

Blockchain futures are contracts (as defined above) that people get into to buy Bitcoin or sell units of Bitcoin at a certain time in the future for an agreed price. 

How has the introduction of Bitcoin futures impacted the market? 

The Bitcoin futures market opened on the 2nd of December 2017 by the Chicago Mercantile Exchange(CME) and the Chicago Board Options Exchange, which was about the same time Bitcoin rose to its highest ever since its inception, the increase in price didn’t last too long, in just a few months it fell again.  

Some Cryptocurrency experts say that the fall of Bitcoin after its boom was due to the opening of the Bitcoin futures market at that same time. This claim is not baseless; it is based on research and data accumulated from different trading days, before bitcoin’s fall in price. Even though there has been much research to prove this, it remains a theory, a probability; Bitcoin futures may have caused the markets to decline. 

Another thing peculiar about this claim is, it states that even though Bitcoin may have caused the decline of prices in the market, this is just the short term effect; there is uncertainty about what the long term effect might be. Though most experts speculate that the long term effect of Bitcoin futures on the market, is to tame the market’s volatility, making Bitcoin- and many other cryptocurrencies- another regular investment. 

These claims were refuted by the managing director of CME, one of the organizations that brought started Bitcoin futures; he said that Bitcoin futures had no hand in the decline of the market. 

There are still some other groups of people who don’t go with or against popular opinion. They have another opinion on the matter; the effect of Bitcoin futures on the market will be to make it more informational efficient which it was still trying to be at the moment.  

With all these speculations, claims and theories what should be expected in the next ten years? 

There are two general opinions on the short term effect of Bitcoin futures on the state of the market:

Bitcoin futures in some way has affected the prices of Bitcoin negatively and
Bitcoin futures doesn’t affect the market at all 

They are both based on sound grounds, data, and research. But for its long term effect on the market there has only been one speculation so far, which is; whether Bitcoin futures is good or bad, the presence of Bitcoin futures in the market will definitely consolidate the prices of cryptocurrencies in the market, giving it the ground and foundation to function as a viable asset, by reducing its high volatility. 

  

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CoinMarketCap CSO, on DeFi for Fostering a More Open Economy

Following part one of our interview with Carylyne Chan, the Chief Strategy Officer at CoinMarketCap, she elaborated on seizing market opportunities in decentralized finance (DeFi) with a new product, Interest by CoinMarketCap. She also outlined the potential effects of staking regarding CMC’s operations and plans for 2020. 

DeFi allowing CMC to foster a more open economy   

CMC announced the launch of Interest by CoinMarketCap on Oct.17, as the one-stop resource for users to acquire the latest information on rates in saving, lending, borrowing and margin trading on cryptoassets. The platform started with 33 cryptoassets traded across wallets, exchanges and decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms, and now has over 40 assets. Chan strongly believes that DeFi will allow CMC to foster a more open economy. By creating a more transparent data platform, Chan further explained, “What we’re trying to do in the DeFi space is to ensure that we show everything in the same place, bringing transparency and efficiency to the space.” Chan suggested that CMC may soon go beyond listing crypto assets on Interest by CoinMarketCap and that derivatives may be added in the future. She also believes that many aspects are interlinked, including the yields for borrowing and lending as it affects the pricing across the spectrum.   

Integration for a better user experience   

Gathering data from decentralized, borrowing, and lending platforms have been “pleasantly straightforward,” according to Chan, as there are a lot of similarities in the infrastructure of how the information is collected from exchanges. Elaborating on CMC’s aim to enhance user experience, Chan said, “We wanted to find meaningful ways that we can segregate different things, including centralized, decentralized categories that you see on the site. On the product side of things, people can really experience and enjoy the platform in a way that helps to compare things much more easily.”   

What is the impact of staking?   

As Ethereum is moving towards implementing a proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus algorithm, Chan explained the possible challenges CMC may have to overcome. “Staking has a few areas of impact, when we think about staking and how it affects circulating supply and finally on the market capitalization of crypto. When the crypto is staked, it is locked in a sense, so we have to think about how we can account for crypto, which is staked, and account for the supply based on that.” She further added that the company is currently working out the details of this matter, and she also believes that PoS is a better solution for the environment. “I think that there will be many more opportunities for us to aggregate some of this content to help push forward behaviors such as staking and participation in staking.”   

What’s next for CoinMarketCap in 2020?   

After announcing the new Liquidity metric at The Capital, Chan said that CMC would continue to push on improving the accuracy of data as well as to increase the utility and the content of the site to add more content partners. “We launched a jobs board as well, increasing the utility of the site will allow us to engage more deeply as we will be launching new educational initiatives. We are also going mainstream with outreach such as on Yahoo Finance and other aggregator sites,” said Chan. CMC confirmed its strategic partnership with Yahoo Finance on Nov. 21 to power Yahoo’s cryptocurrency screener section.  

IBM Blockchain in Action: What are the Benefits?

In first and second parts of our interview with Alan Lim, the Program Director of IBM Blockchain Lab in the Asia Pacific, we explored the idea of data standards to improve the supply chain industry, as well as the IBM Food Trust, a food provenance network that allows food products to be traced and tracked. Digging deeper into IBM Blockchain, what else has the company been working on?  

  

Encouraging blockchain developers to come onboard  

  

IBM has recently released an extension to the Visual Studio (VS) Code, known as the IBM Blockchain Platform Visual Studio Code extension, which provides an environment within the Visual Studio Code to develop, package, test smart contracts. “We’re trying to make this as easy as possible for developers to come on board, to start developing their own smart contracts; that’s the idea behind the VS Code extension.” The VS Code can be used to connect into a preconfigured instance of Hyperledger Fabric, or on an IBM blockchain platform. “That’s what we’re trying to do, to make a companion make it easier for developers to get started on writing smart contracts and be able to publish and test out some of these smart contracts they have written,” explained Lim.   

  

IBM’s techniques to ensure privacy  

  

On the issue of privacy, Lim said, “One of the things we are looking to establish is how we respect the privacy of the information shared on the need-to-know basis, and the various techniques to ensure privacy. Whether it’s the encryption of data or being selective in terms of where data is shared on the ledger, on a mutual basis only for the parties involved in those transactions, different features are put in to tackle these challenges.” He added that these features are added through channel design, private data collection and other features within Hyperledger Fabric, which are one of the protocols as well as the other projects that IBM is involved in.  

  

How do you determine the ROI on deploying IBM blockchain?  

  

IBM created a Forrester Total Economic Impact (TEI) report for companies to be able to identify the cost, benefits, flexibilities and risk factors of working with IBM Blockchain. “I think it’s important to understand that companies are not implementing blockchain for blockchain’s sake, you need to be driven through benefit,” answered Lim. 

   

To trace the origin of a particular food product, would historically take days or weeks to be able to track down. “I think that’s the benefit in terms of efficiency – to be able to track down a food product in a matter of seconds or minutes. A lot of these processes are very paper-based, and a lot of time is spent just resolving disputes between all the counterparties.” Overall, the benefits include time savings, cost savings, and efficiency through the time it takes to establish the right view between the different parties in the event of billing, collections, and reconciliation.   

  

What’s next for enterprise blockchain adoption?  

  

Lim said that there could be optimizations from the perspective of how a claim could be performed, although savings could come in various forms. “There could be optimizations from that perspective, whether we could do this on a more recurring basis and a less intrusive basis. I think the savings from that angle could be combined with other technologies, whether it is IoT, whether it is AI, etc.” He added that financial savings could be realized if the industry becomes more efficient.   

  

Lim believes that enterprise blockchain has been maturing in the past few years, with a high potential in Asia. “Whether it’s across the financial services sector, supply chain, and other industries, we’re starting to see some of the early adopters, leading the charge, going to production. I think you’re going to see fast followers catching up, networks scaling and growing.” He expressed his excitement to see how things pan out, “Hopefully we see more use cases in production, spreading across different industries as well.”  

Seven Key Takeaways You Need to Know About Central Bank Digital Currencies

As of late, there has been a global buzz around Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs). After Facebook’s announcement of its proposed Libra currency, it was learned that China’s Central Bank would be releasing their version, which has been under development behind closed doors since 2014. Other central banks in Europe and North America have also been studying, exploring, and experimenting with CBDCs. But what’s going on? Why are CBDCs important? Do we need them? What are the implications? How will they be designed? I have put together seven key takeaways you need to know.

1.   Every CBDC will initially be launched for country-specific and policy-driven objectives.

Every central bank must carry out in-depth, internal studies of their economy and determine the best fit for their country. Some country-specific aspects to consider would be things like:

The population, size of the country
How many people in the country are banked vs. unbanked? Would financial inclusion be a good country-specific goal?
What are the existing payment infrastructures in place? Do people mostly still use cash? Or is it a cashless society?
Should the CBDC be used at the wholesale level or the retail level?

Some of the policy-driven aspects would be things like:

Is our monetary sovereignty at risk? Could launching a CBDC protect our sovereignty?
Should it be interest-bearing? Impact on financial stability and monetary policies?
Will it help to tackle tax evasion? Counter capital flight, money laundering, and terrorist financing?
Should the CBDC function just like cold hard cash? For example, should it be kept anonymous and be untraceable? Or should every transaction be monitored?

In short, CBDCs will initially be designed and launched for domestic use only. After country-specific and policy-driven factors are addressed, CBDCs can then go for cross-border objectives.

Bonus Takeaway: Although carrying out comprehensive studies are required, even the most holistic CBDC solution will not be able to achieve all objectives!

2.   For cross-border payments, interoperability between other CBDCs will be very challenging and problematic. It will be like trying to fit squares into circles repeatedly.

China wants to be one of the first major powers to issue a CBDC (nobody knows exactly when, but possibly as early as 2020). Considering its size and economic might, China’s CBDC will not be ignored. Other countries will most likely design their CBDC to ensure that it is indeed compatible with China’s. So, being an early-mover, the standards could potentially be set by China’s central bank, and the internationalization and digitalization of currencies will probably happen. But, some of the difficulties that will be faced between different countries will be things like:

Cross-border use and transfer limits
Managing cyber threats
Differences in KYC/AML standards
Differences in systems, i.e., different blockchains or different underlying technologies, different e-wallet standards
And more

These can only be solved through polite persistence and international cooperation. Finally, assuming that these issues are resolved, and everything works wonderfully, don’t forget about currency exchange risks. 

3.   For monetary policies to work, CBDCs must be interest-bearing, and the economy must be cashless. But in practice, this will be very hard to do.

If many people are still holding cash (M0), and a specific country has a significantly high unbanked population, monetary policies via CBDC measures will not be very useful. Theoretically, everyone must convert their cash holdings into CBDCs for monetary policies to have any meaningful effects. So, how do you incentivize people to convert? A proposed way of doing this could be done by applying – Negative interest rates on cash deposits (instead of deposits growing with interest, they are decreasing)However, this would not necessarily enact people to convert to CBDCs. The most likely immediate response would be people actually withdrawing from their bank accounts and physically holding cash. At least 0% on hand is better than -1% in the bank. Plus, people would probably find other alternatives to store it. So, how could this be better controlled? The second ingredient needed could be that: CBDCs are interest-bearing.

Initially, this may sound like a plausible idea, but there could be severe implications to this. If CBDCs are interest-bearing, commercial banks would be under threat. Central banks would then be viewed as a competitor or as the enemy – and this would not be a good thing. Even worse, if the central bank offers higher rates than commercial banks, it is likely that many would withdraw and place their holdings with the central bank instead. Even if this helps achieve the goal of conversion in some way, existing short-term and long-term deposits in M1 and M2 in the money supply could be affected in the process, potentially causing financial instability and commercial banks taking the hit.

As we can see, in practice, this will be very hard to do. It really depends on the central banks’ goals and evaluating what it takes to get there.

Bonus takeaway: Therefore, most CBDCs will not be interest-bearing, and they won’t be expected nor designed to have monetary policy influence (at least, for the time being). Later in the future, if successfully launched and integrated with an economy, it is foreseen that the use of CBDCs could become just an additional tool among an existing arsenal of tools available today to affect monetary policy.

4.   Marginal Utility: If the marginal utility to launch a CBDC is low, then why bother? Some countries may never issue one – and that’s fine.

Does every country need to launch a digital currency? No. Countries like South Korea claim they don’t need to launch a CBDC because they already have robust electronic payment infrastructures in place. The average South Korean adult has 5.2 bank accounts, and 3.6 credit cards, and their banked population is more than 95%. In other words, there is almost no marginal utility to design and launch a CBDC. Plus, it requires a lot of resources to build and launch one. Sweden also is already cashless, so it may not be worth it for the Swedish to do so either. But they haven’t officially decided yet.

But who knows – Koreans may change their mind later in the future when they witness multiple countries seamlessly interact with each other through cross-border transactions, and the Koreans realize they are left out of the picture.

5.   Central Bank Digital Currencies are not cryptocurrencies. They are just digital extensions of cash (M0).

Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, by nature, are decentralized and are not backed by assets nor fiat reserves. CBDCs, on the other hand, will mostly operate on centralized systems and will indeed be backed by proven reserves. CBDCs may adopt some elements of cryptocurrencies, i.e., the way it transfers value without an intermediary, but it is foreseen that CBDCs will be “better” than cryptocurrencies because they will have the underlying trust of sovereign currency and the central bank, whereas cryptocurrencies do not.

China also made it clear that its CBDC under development is a form of digital currency electronic payment (DCEP) and that it should not be classified as a cryptocurrency.

Food for thought: Researchers argue that because CBDCs are just digital extensions of cash, it should function just like cash; it should be anonymous, untraceable, and non-interest bearing. If your country or central bank issued a CBDC, do you think it should function anonymously and be left untraceable? In contrast, would you be OK with your central bank monitoring all of your transactions?

6.   Public-Private Partnerships: Central Banks will need to partner with private companies.

Central Banks do not have the capability to distribute CBDCs. They will need to outsource the distribution of CBDCs to private companies or financial institutions to provide face-to-face services and on-boarding.

We can see how this could work by studying China’s CBDC model. Through a two-tiered structure, AliPay and WeChat Pay will act as distribution channels and be customer-facing. Businesses will not be competing with the central bank. By doing so, there will be no disturbed “peace” if the CBDC were to be rolled out. This is an excellent example of a potentially strong public-private partnership – and there will undoubtedly be more of these worldwide.

7.   Looking into the future: Interesting domestic & international use cases

As mentioned by PwC’s crypto team in Hong Kong, if CBDCs are successfully launched and fully integrated, this could provide the issuing central bank the ability to track metrics of an economy, such as a country’s inflation rate and GDP growth rates in real-time. Combined with big data analytics and AI capabilities, this could be a real game-changer and open a path to a new future.
Should a country be hit with a major natural disaster, such as an earthquake or a tsunami, relief could easily and quickly be provided to those affected at home or abroad. It would be interesting to track how donations are managed, where the funds flow, and whose hands it specifically ends up in. The charity industry will be impacted.
Cross-border transactions for massive, international projects or initiatives could also be simplified. For example, China’s One Belt One Road Initiative has 60+ participating countries with 60+ different currencies involved. It sounds messy to manage, but having CBDCs to unify and simplify international transactions between countries could make things a lot easier. However, this won’t happen flawlessly unless interoperability problems and currency exchange risks are addressed (as mentioned above in #2).

Concluding Remarks

Customer preferences around the world are changing. The way money is stored, saved, spent, and transferred is changing. Central banks are responding to the reality that this change is happening – and it’s happening very quickly. Digital currencies, either privately issued at the company level (i.e., Facebook’s Libra) or publicly issued at the government level, will be an unavoidable part of the global monetary system as the decline in the use of cash continues to accelerate worldwide. It is in the central banks’ best interest that they are neither left behind nor displaced.

So, there you have it. I hope the above takeaways were helpful. Let’s see how this plays out in the future – it’s an exciting time to be alive.

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Iranian General Pushes for Crypto Use to Evade US Sanctions and After Being Blacklisted by the FATF

Saeed Muhammad, a commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps’ “Army of Guardians of the Islamic Revolution,” called for Iran to use cryptocurrencies to bypass sanctions imposed on his country by the United States. 

The sanctions imposed by the Trump administration and the withdrawal of the US from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in 2018 led to the decrease of the value of Iran’s currency. Sanctions have had an effect on foreign trade and investment in the country; ever since cryptocurrencies have gained popularity in evading sanctions. The economic sanctions imposed by the US have shrunk the Iranian economy by 10 to 20 percent.

Iran added to the FATF blacklist 

The intergovernmental organization, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) recently added Iran to a blacklist of countries that have failed to comply with anti-terrorism financing requirements. Iran was added to the blacklist after more than three years of warnings from the FATF to comply with the requirements. Iran would be looking at tougher external auditing of financing firms and even more scrutiny of transactions with Iran.

Calling for the use of cryptocurrencies

According to Iranian crypto news organization Coinit.ir, Mohammad addressed a crowd on Feb. 26, “We are demanding the creation of a more sophisticated mechanism to bypass sanctions. To circumvent sanctions, we must develop solutions such as the exchange of products and the use of cryptocurrencies with our partnerships [in other countries].”

Iran’s development with crypto and blockchain

With the value of the country’s currency dropping and sanctions imposed, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani’s administration announced the idea of launching a national cryptocurrency in 2018. Since then, Iran’s Ministry of Industries, Mining and Trade have issued more than 1,000 cryptocurrency mining licenses to local operators. 

The national government also has been working with blockchain startups to improve its financial infrastructure. The central government has been seen providing funding for one company, some private banks have been backing a few projects as well. 

 

Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro Leverages Coronavirus Pandemic for National Petro Adoption

Venezuela’s president, Nicolas Maduro has announced a new campaign aiming to help the medical staff in his nation by airdropping one Petro to each actively working doctor amid the coronavirus pandemic.

The Venezuelan government is determined to take the coronavirus pandemic as an opportunity to boost the adoption of its national cryptocurrency in the country. The government announced this new campaign through its social media accounts, as a token of appreciation of efforts of the nation’s doctors to combat COVID-19.

The Patria System, introduced by the government, will be used to distribute the special bonus of a Petro for the “Doctors of the Motherland.” The platform was created to support the socio-economic conditions of the population and distribute subsidies and bonuses with its cryptographic token without going through the traditional banking system.

As a part of the measures to keep Venezuelan citizens safe, Maduro previously approved benefits for citizens who were unable to work due to self-isolation. 

Venezuela crisis

According to an economist for the American Institute for Economic Research, Venezuela’s Petro could help stimulate the country’s economy. William Luther, the director of the Sound Money Project of the American Institute for Economic Research believes that while it might marginally improve the country’s economy, there may be consequences of strengthening an authoritarian regime. 

Venezuelan hospitals have been reportedly ill-equipped to cope with the coronavirus pandemic. At the Caracas University Hospital, soap and disinfectants have been described as “luxuries,” and the facility has been facing shortages of personal protective equipment, signaling that Maduro could have supported Venezuelan hospitals directly, rather than boosting the adoption of its crypto system.

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Is Bitcoin’s True Power Being Revealed as COVID-19 Market Crisis Sends Oil Futures Price Below Zero?

As WTI crude oil futures plummeted into negative territory, Bitcoin hardly seemed to notice, recording only a minor correction and dipping under 7k.

Is Bitcoin starting to reveal its true potential as a safe haven asset? While the pioneer crypto lost relatively little value could it be too early to tell and is the Bitcoin price soon to be in danger? It may also be possible that fewer BTC holders are willing to part with the potential safe haven value store given the current COVID economic downturn. If the shock crude oil crash does not demonstrate a potential weakness in the structure of our global economy and a need for an asset with the promise of Bitcoin, then frankly nothing will. 

The sell-off appeared to be mainly attributed to the impending expiration of the the May 2020 Futures contract for West Texas Intermediate (WTI). The expiration of these May contracts force the handover of physical barrels of oil at a time when storage capacity is critically low. According to data from Bloomberg, on April 20, futures for a barrel of WTI crude oil expiring in May lost 36% on Monday. 

Source : WTI May futures – Trading View

The sell off continued and at its worst the crude oil price stopped just shy of negative $40 dollars with the contracts finally settling on -$37.63%, a whopping -305% decline which is unheard of in the history of WTI crude oil futures. 

The shock crash is indicative of just how much oil demand has collapsed due to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown which has not been further helped by the ongoing oil price war between Russia, Saudi Arabia and Mexico. As there seems to be no end immediately in sight to the pandemic, the financial community is growing concerned that we may see a repeat of this price action with June crude oil futures. 

Oil Plummets, Bitcoin Hiccups

As the crude oil futures plummetted, Bitcoin appeared to be almost at business as usual. Bitcoin which had been experiencing a bullish recovery from its initial fall and was sitting at around $7,200 prior to the crash, in the immediate 24 hours after, the price dropped nearly 5% and currently sits at around $6900 – which is a very small movement in the world of Bitcoin. 

Source – CoinMarketCap

Are Bitcoiner’s Safe in their Harbour?

Bitcoin was built in reaction to a broken global economic system. It was designed as an alternative to traditional state-controlled financial currencies and markets. That’s why many have thought for the last 10 years that the Bitcoin price would shoot up if the stock market were to crash.

However, almost as soon as the US stock markets started to crash in February, the price of Bitcoin showed very strong market correlation and also declined. The Bitcoin price halved from around $10,000 to $5,000 in a matter of weeks, shedding thousands of dollars in just a few days. This proves that the first move of many investors wasn’t to rush to trade their stocks for Bitcoin. It was to trade their Bitcoin for US dollars and stablecoins. 

Oil’s price action is a testament to the instability of the legacy market infrastructure prevalent in the global economy unable to balance the fundamentals of supply and demand. Bitcoin, however, which continues to dance in and around these traditional markets, held in price against the shocking decline of demand for black gold which has breathed new life into its potential safe-haven status. 

While BTC’s movement remains on track to make its post halving bull run seemingly undeterred by the oil crash, the truth is it is just far too early to make a call on its ability to act as value store that will survive through the pandemic crisis.

Another potential issue that hardcore Bitcoiner’s do not appear to be recognizing is that bringing new blood to the market will not be as easy as continually pointing out the failures of our system. Essentially, Bitcoin will only be recognised as a safe haven when its market action reflects this through holdings by investors, but why would these investors suddenly turn to a nascent technology that they hardly understand in the middle of COVID chaos, while in reality, traditional safe-haven Gold is now performing as expected?It may be too early to tell if Bitcoin has gotten away clean from this latest incident in the rising global financial crisis brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, and it’s still far too early to speculate if it will prevail as a safe haven.  

World Economic Forum Warns Leaders to Brace for Long-Lasting Global Recession as Cybercrimes Surge

The World Economic Forum (WEF) suggested that leaders around the world need to do more to ensure a quicker and more sustainable recovery for the global economy caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. 

Amongst the 350 top risk professionals in the world surveyed, these risk managers expect a prolonged global recession, as a number of areas of concern were identified in the report compiled by the Forum’s Global Risks Advisory Board, Marsh & McLennan Companies Inc, and Zurich Insurance Group.

Half of the respondents expressed expected bankruptcies and industry consolidation, and failure of industries to recover, and a disruption of supply chains. The World Economic Forum published a report on the importance of blockchain in supply chain disruption amid the pandemic. 

Saadia Zahidi, Managing Director of the World Economic Forum said, “The crisis has devastated lives and livelihoods. It has triggered an economic crisis with far-reaching implications and revealed the inadequacies of the past.”

With the onset of the new infectious disease, cybercrimes and the breakdown of IT infrastructure and networks have taken a swerve for the worst. The Forum concluded that around 500 million people would be at risk of falling into poverty, an anticipated fall of 13 to 32 percent in global trade, and a 1 percent of increase in unemployment, which could result in a 2 percent increase in chronic illness.

Levels of unemployment continue to grow, especially in the younger cohort, a lack of progress in reducing carbon emissions are also possible side effects of the pandemic as well. The US federal authorities found that a group of international fraudsters may have been attacking the US unemployment systems, funneling millions of dollars in payments that were intended to support those who were affected economically by COVID-19.

The Forum’s take on blockchain and digitization to address supply chain disruption

The World Economic Forum recently published a new blockchain deployment toolkit aimed to help governments, major institutions, and companies of any size to be able to maximize the benefits of integrating blockchain technology in the supply chain sector. The Forum also highlighted the importance of blockchain for addressing the disruption of supply chain caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The toolkit was tested by businesses for a period of time, to make sure it is user-friendly and can have an impact on companies in the future. Nadia Hewett, Blockchain Lead at the World Economic Forum said, “Not only are we now providing the toolkit and all the lessons in subsequent COVID blockchain activities to our partners, governments and private sector; while we developed the toolkit and other ongoing projects, we brought in partners to help co-create and design it with a user-centric approach in mind.”

The World Economic Forum believes with the accelerated release of the blockchain deployment toolkit will also help with the economic recovery post-pandemic. Hewett says that many countries will rely on digitization for its economic recovery, as digitization for trade could act as a way to reduce trade barriers, given all the geopolitical issues.

Feds suspect fraudsters attacked US unemployment systems costing millions

With the number of infections in the US growing at an appalling rate, so far, 1.5 million American citizens have been infected, with over 90,000 related deaths. The unemployment crisis in the country has surpassed the rate since the Great Depression, as the official US unemployment rate is at its highest in recorded history, at an alarming 14.7 percent.

The New York Times obtained a memo from the US Secret Service, indicating that the fraud scheme was coming from a “well-organized Nigerian fraud ring,” and could result in the loss of hundreds of millions of dollars in the American financial system.

These fraudsters may have leveraged detailed information about US citizens, including social security numbers, which have been obtained from previous cyber attacks. The attackers have also filed claims on behalf of people who have not been laid off, according to officials.

Risks of UK supply chains ahead of Brexit

Ahead of Brexit, the British are facing issues in disrupted supply chains due to the coronavirus pandemic. With just seven months to go before Brexit takes place, 82 percent of small to medium-sized manufacturers say that the COVID-19 pandemic has affected their supply chains. 

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Want Bitcoin's Price to go up? Bet on People, Not Inflation

Financial uncertainty makes people do strange things.

In April 2020, people bought oil contracts, silver, and shares of companies that have no customers or revenue. This, despite massive job losses, pandemic disease, and a global economic meltdown.

Silver plays no role in modern finance and we have enough oil above ground to last six months under normal economic conditions, longer if economies stay closed. Companies that have no customers and revenue can’t make any money.Yet these same people think we’re crazy for buying bitcoin.

Prepare for a great depression or a mild downturn?

Perhaps these people know something we don’t?

Millions have lost jobs and businesses over the past two months. Economic output has fallen off a cliff. Some national currencies have started to crumble. Emerging market economies face imminent debt crises.

As fearful as people might get about the future, there’s no reason the world has to fall apart.

Big, deep, long-lasting financial crises do not come from short-term downturns in economic activity, even if those drops are significant. People are resilient and economies tend to adjust more quickly than you’d think.

Those devastating, multiyear, civilization-threatening collapses happen when “safe” assets lose their value quickly.

As long as safe assets hold up . . .

In modern economies, safe assets form the basis of all financial activities. In the U.S. and many countries, these assets include cash, residential real estate, and treasury notes.

Households, businesses, and governments create all sorts of financial arrangements based on the assumption that these assets carry relatively low risk. Countries build economies on that assumption. Banks and financiers do trillions of dollars in business on that assumption.

When that assumption fails, everything else does.

There’s a reason crashing oil prices don’t threaten the global financial system. People know it’s risky and volatile. They factor that into their decisions. Nobody will ever pool oil contracts into collateralized loan obligations. Mortgages? No problem.

Safe assets, not risky assets, screw everything up.

Take, for example, the last three big global economic catastrophes—2008, 1929, and 1873.

What caused the 2008 crisis? U.S. housing market crashed.

In 1929, it was U.S. and British stocks. In 1873, it was railroads and gold.

At the time, people saw these assets as sure bets, assets that could never fail. Then, those assets failed. All hell broke loose.

Outside of those three events, we have had many economic downturns and plenty of regional financial crises. Terrible events that nobody should ever want to live through, but none of them threatened the global economic order.

You can have pain, hardship, and turmoil without systemic failure. People suffer, then recover. Life goes on.

Contrary to popular belief, most economic pullbacks last about a year or so. Yes, they can last longer, but they usually don’t.

Also keep in mind, none of those previous pullbacks were confronted with a massive, coordinated global financial intervention at the beginning.

We have many people trying to save the financial system. What makes you so sure they won’t succeed?

And this matters for bitcoin because . . . ?

Perception is reality.

Some look at crumbling financial markets and a big drop in economic activity, combined with massive government intervention, and conclude we’re going to get hyper-inflation and a global depression.

Others look at crumbling financial markets and a big drop in economic activity, combined with massive government intervention, and conclude we’re going to get a modest recession and relatively fast recovery.

They can’t both be right.

If you’re buying bitcoin because you expect “fiat” to go to zero, or the U.S. dollar to collapse, how different are you from the people buying silver, oil contracts, and junk stocks?

What if we never get inflation, much less hyperinflation? What if the financial system survives? Will people want bitcoin once the BRRRR meme dies out?

The opt-out moment is coming

If all you care about is the price of bitcoin, don’t bet on inflation that may never come or an economic crisis that may end within the next year.

Bet on people.

Specifically, two types of people: the rich and the angry.

Rich people like Paul Tudor Jones, who bought a little bitcoin to protect his wealth from the devaluation of all the world’s currencies.

Angry people like your uncle who gets pissed about huge corporations using loopholes to pocket taxpayer-funded bailouts at the public’s expense.

Imagine you spent decades building a nest egg, pension fund, or endowment, only to see the government drive yields down. Or, built a career or business hurt by COVID-19, only to see your government throw an unlimited amount of cash at banks and corporations while giving you a $1,200 check, a restructured loan that barely covers your needs, or nothing.

You might get so mad that you look for an “out” that doesn’t involve the banks, governments, and corporations.

There are many people like you.

Instead of buying stocks or taking out loans, they may switch to DeFi platforms while adding bitcoin or some other cryptocurrency as a portfolio asset. Entrepreneurs may create their own cryptocurrencies or blockchain businesses instead of kissing up to Wall Street or begging for money from venture capitalists.

They may ditch the legacy system.

It doesn’t need to be better, it just needs to work

Am I saying today’s cryptocurrency industry can support the world’s financial needs?

No.

Still, the technology has come far enough.

Some businesses already use cryptocurrency as part of their services to customers. Lightning Labs is developing a payment platform that can compete with Visa. Bakkt raised $300 million to launch merchant services that integrate with its global cryptocurrency marketplace.

Microsoft is developing a decentralized ID product using bitcoin’s blockchain. Earlier this year, Ernst & Young unveiled its Baseline protocol for private business transactions on the ethereum blockchain. IBM still has World Wire. Some national currencies now have stablecoins.

Lots of smaller projects and developers continue working on better platforms and infrastructure. And, of course, some altcoins now offer real utility.

Crypto wins no matter what happens?

With cryptocurrency, you can program all rules, protocols, and governance into the blockchain. As long as the math works, the system will work.

As a result, you can safely transact with millions of people who you have never met, with whom you have no relationship, who live in a country with different laws and regulations. No government needed, no banks necessary, and no Wall Street firm getting in your way.

In fact, none of those entities can stop you.

When the global economy recovers, governments may have just planted the seeds for a massive migration of money and talent into cryptocurrency.

It won’t come from debt problems or currency devaluations. It’ll come from people opting out of the system.

If you’re betting on one thing to get bitcoin “to the moon,” don’t bet on inflation or global depression.

Bet on people.

Image via Shutterstock

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